Microchip PIC12F675-I/SN 8-Bit Microcontroller: Datasheet, Pinout, and Application Circuits
The Microchip PIC12F675-I/SN is a powerful 8-bit microcontroller packaged in an 8-pin SOIC format, offering a compelling blend of performance, peripheral integration, and compact size. This member of the versatile PIC12F family is built on Microchip's robust baseline core, making it an ideal solution for space-constrained and cost-sensitive applications requiring intelligent control.
Datasheet Overview and Key Features
The datasheet for the PIC12F675 reveals a device packed with features typically found in larger microcontrollers. At its core is a 8-bit RISC CPU operating at a maximum frequency of 20 MHz, delivering a performance of 5 MIPS. It contains 1.75 KB of program Flash memory and 64 bytes of RAM, alongside 128 bytes of high-endurance EEPROM data memory for storing critical parameters.
Its integrated peripherals are what set it apart:
4-channel 10-bit Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC): Enables precise measurement of analog signals from sensors.
Internal Precision Oscillator: Factory calibrated to 4 MHz, it can be software tuned from 1 MHz to 8 MHz, eliminating the need for an external crystal for many applications, saving both board space and cost.
Timer Modules: Include an 8-bit timer and a 16-bit timer with prescaler.
Comparator Module: A versatile analog comparator with programmable on-chip voltage reference.
In-Circuit Serial Programming (ICSP): Allows for easy and cheap firmware updates even after the device is mounted on a PCB.
Pinout Configuration (PIC12F675-I/SN)
Understanding the pinout is critical for design. The PIC12F675-I/SN features 6 programmable I/O pins:
1. GP0/AN0/ICSPDAT/CIN+/
2. GP1/AN1/CIN-/ICSPCLK
3. GP2/AN2/T0CKI/COUT
4. GP3/MCLR/VPP (Master Clear (Reset) input, programming voltage)
5. GP4/AN3/T1G/OSC2/CLKOUT
6. GP5/T1CKI/OSC1/CLKIN
VSS (Pin 7): Ground.
VDD (Pin 8): Supply Voltage (2.0V to 5.5V).
This multi-functionality on each pin provides tremendous design flexibility, allowing the same hardware to be reconfigured via software for different tasks.
Application Circuits
The PIC12F675's feature set makes it perfect for a vast array of embedded control applications.
1. Standalone Temperature Sensor with Fan Control: Using its internal ADC, the microcontroller can read a analog temperature sensor (e.g., thermistor) on AN0. Based on the reading, it can generate a Pulse-Width Modulation (PWM) signal on another pin (e.g., GP2) to control the speed of a cooling fan, creating a complete, intelligent thermal management system.
2. Battery-Powered Data Logger: The combination of ADC, EEPROM, and low-power sleep modes makes it ideal for this task. It can periodically wake up, read a sensor value (e.g., voltage, light, pressure), convert it to a digital value, and store it in its non-volatile EEPROM. The entire system can run for extended periods on a small battery.
3. Simple LED Sequencer/Controller: With its 6 I/O pins, the device can directly drive LEDs or control transistors to manage larger LED arrays or strips, creating complex lighting patterns and sequences for decorative or status-indication purposes.
ICGOODFIND Summary
The Microchip PIC12F675-I/SN stands as a testament to highly integrated 8-bit microcontroller design. Its strength lies in its compact 8-pin package that houses a surprisingly rich set of peripherals, including a critical 10-bit ADC and an internal oscillator. This integration allows engineers to develop sophisticated, low-cost, and space-efficient embedded solutions for consumer, automotive, industrial, and hobbyist markets. Its ease of use and powerful feature set ensure it remains a popular choice for intelligent control applications where every square millimeter and every cent counts.
Keywords: PIC12F675, 8-bit Microcontroller, Internal Oscillator, 10-bit ADC, Application Circuits.
